understand
英[?nd?'st?nd]
美['?nd?'st?nd]
- vt. 理解；懂；獲悉；推斷；省略
- vi. 理解；懂得；熟悉
詞態(tài)變化
第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù):?understands;過(guò)去式:?understood;過(guò)去分詞:?understood;現(xiàn)在分詞:?understanding;
助記提示
1、under + stand.
2、字面含義：stand in the midst of.
3、站在其中，沐浴在知識(shí)的海洋里，所謂內(nèi)行、內(nèi)行，身在其中，才解其味也；因此，只有身在其中\(zhòng)置身其中，才能理解、明白。
4、At here, the under is not the usual word meaning "beneath," but from Old English under, from PIE *enter- "between, among". 另見(jiàn)：undertake.
中文詞源
understand 理解
詞源理解存爭(zhēng)議。under-, 來(lái)自inter-變體，在里面，詞源同interact, undertake,stand, 站立，立場(chǎng)，即站在里面的，同一立場(chǎng)的。引申詞義理解，懂得。
英文詞源
- understand
- understand: [OE] The compound verb understand was formed in the centuries immediately preceding the Anglo-Saxon invasions of Britain. It is composed, of course, of under and stand, and the semantic link between ‘standing under’ something and ‘knowing about’ it may be ‘being close to’ it.
- understand (v.)
- Old English understandan "comprehend, grasp the idea of," probably literally "stand in the midst of," from under + standan "to stand" (see stand (v.)). If this is the meaning, the under is not the usual word meaning "beneath," but from Old English under, from PIE *nter- "between, among" (cognates: Sanskrit antar "among, between," Latin inter "between, among," Greek entera "intestines;" see inter-). Related: Understood; understanding.
That is the suggestion in Barnhart, but other sources regard the "among, between, before, in the presence of" sense of Old English prefix and preposition under as other meanings of the same word. "Among" seems to be the sense in many Old English compounds that resemble understand, such as underniman "to receive," undersecan "examine, investigate, scrutinize" (literally "underseek"), undereencan "consider, change one's mind," underginnan "to begin." It also seems to be the sense still in expressions such as under such circumstances.
Perhaps the ultimate sense is "be close to;" compare Greek epistamai "I know how, I know," literally "I stand upon." Similar formations are found in Old Frisian (understonda), Middle Danish (understande), while other Germanic languages use compounds meaning "stand before" (German verstehen, represented in Old English by forstanden "understand," also "oppose, withstand"). For this concept, most Indo-European languages use figurative extensions of compounds that literally mean "put together," or "separate," or "take, grasp" (see comprehend). Old English oferstandan, Middle English overstonden, literally "over-stand" seem to have been used only in literal senses. For "to stand under" in a physical sense, Old English had undergestandan.
雙語(yǔ)例句
- 1. It was clear Cohen didn't understand what Millard was driving at.
- 看得出科恩并不明白米勒德想說(shuō)什么。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 2. I thought, "Here'ssomeone who'll understand me." So I wrote to her.
- 我想：“這個(gè)人會(huì)理解我的。”于是開(kāi)始給她寫(xiě)信。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 3. "Please understand this," she began, a tremble in her voice.
- “請(qǐng)理解這一點(diǎn)，”她開(kāi)始說(shuō)道，聲音有些發(fā)顫。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 4. What I did for you was free, gratis, you understand?
- 我為你所做的一切都是免費(fèi)的，無(wú)償?shù)?，你明白嗎?/dd>
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 5. "I can understand how you feel," Desmond said with great reasonableness.
- “我能理解你的感受，”德斯蒙德很通情達(dá)理地說(shuō)。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句