sanction
英['s??(k)?(?)n]
美['s??k??n]
- n. 制裁，處罰；認(rèn)可；支持
- vt. 制裁，處罰；批準(zhǔn)；鼓勵(lì)
詞態(tài)變化
復(fù)數(shù):?sanctions;第三人稱單數(shù):?sanctions;過去式:?sanctioned;過去分詞:?sanctioned;現(xiàn)在分詞:?sanctioning;
助記提示
1. The root / stem sanct- has meaning of 'ordaining of something as sacred or inviolable', hence more broadly a 'decree, sanction'.
2. => 依法...(prescribe by law) => 宣布針對(duì)某種行為的法律。=> 因此如果某種行為是合法的，就會(huì)得到支持、鼓勵(lì)、批準(zhǔn)、認(rèn)可(常與with，without連用)，不可數(shù)名詞；如果某種行為是違法的，那么就會(huì)被制裁、處罰(常與against，on連用)，可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)。
中文詞源
sanction 批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可，制裁，處罰
sanct-,神圣的，-ion,名詞后綴。即神圣的存在，封神，祝圣，引申正面詞義批準(zhǔn)，反面詞義 處罰。
英文詞源
- sanction (n.)
- early 15c., "confirmation or enactment of a law," from Latin sanctionem (nominative sanctio) "act of decreeing or ordaining," also "decree, ordinance," noun of action from past participle stem of sancire "to decree, confirm, ratify, make sacred" (see saint (n.)). Originally especially of ecclesiastical decrees.
- sanction (v.)
- 1778, "confirm by sanction, make valid or binding;" 1797 as "to permit authoritatively;" from sanction (n.). Seemingly contradictory meaning "impose a penalty on" is from 1956 but is rooted in an old legalistic sense of the noun. Related: Sanctioned; sanctioning.
雙語(yǔ)例句
- 1. The Security Council will consider taking future actions against sanction-busters.
- 安理會(huì)將考慮未來采取措施打擊破壞制裁的人。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. As an ultimate sanction, they can sell their shares.
- 作為最高的處罰，他們可以出售他們的股份。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. He seemed to be preparing to sanction an increase in public borrowing.
- 他似乎正準(zhǔn)備批準(zhǔn)增加公共貸款。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. The king could not enact laws without the sanction of Parliament.
- 未經(jīng)議會(huì)批準(zhǔn)，國(guó)王不能制定法律。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. Prison is the best sanction against a crime like this.
- 為遏止這類罪行,監(jiān)禁手段是上策.
來自《簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典》