discipline
英['d?s?pl?n]
美['d?s?pl?n]
- n. 學科；紀律；訓練；懲罰
- vt. 訓練，訓導；懲戒
詞態變化
復數:?disciplines;第三人稱單數:?disciplines;過去式:?disciplined;過去分詞:?disciplined;現在分詞:?disciplining;形容詞:?disciplined;
助記提示
1、dis- "apart" + cip- => discip- "grasp intellectually, analyze thoroughly" => 進而引申為: learn.
2、discip- + -le(diminutive) => people that learn.
3、disciple => discipl- + -ine.
4、含義：order necessary for instruction, treatment that corrects or punishes, branch of instruction or education, military training, orderly conduct as a result of training.
中文詞源
discipline 訓練，紀律
來自disciple, 學習，門徒。引申詞義訓練，必要的紀律，懲罰。
英文詞源
- discipline
- discipline: [13] The Latin word for ‘learner’ was discipulus, a derivative of the verb discere ‘learn’ (which was related to docēre ‘teach’, source of English doctor, doctrine, and document). English acquired the word in Anglo- Saxon times, as discipul, and it was subsequently reformulated as disciple on the model of Old French deciple. Derived from discipulus was the noun disciplīna ‘instruction, knowledge’. Its meaning developed gradually into ‘maintenance of order (necessary for giving instruction)’, the sense in which the word first entered English (via Old French discipline).
=> disciple, doctor, doctrine, document - discipline (n.)
- early 13c., "penitential chastisement; punishment," from Old French descepline (11c.) "discipline, physical punishment; teaching; suffering; martyrdom," and directly from Latin disciplina "instruction given, teaching, learning, knowledge," also "object of instruction, knowledge, science, military discipline," from discipulus (see disciple (n.)).
Sense of "treatment that corrects or punishes" is from notion of "order necessary for instruction." The Latin word is glossed in Old English by teodscipe. Meaning "branch of instruction or education" is first recorded late 14c. Meaning "military training" is from late 15c.; that of "orderly conduct as a result of training" is from c. 1500. - discipline (v.)
- c. 1300; see discipline (n.). Related: Disciplined; disciplines; disciplining.
雙語例句
- 1. To start a revolution, you need discipline, incisiveness and articulacy.
- 要革命，就要守紀律、看得遠、善表達。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. The aim of discipline is to teach children to behave acceptably.
- 紀律的目的是教育兒童舉止得體。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. The discipline of studying music can help children develop good work habits.
- 音樂學習中的訓練可以幫助孩子們培養好的工作習慣。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. Hospital discipline was broken. Amy would have to explain herself.
- 破壞了醫院的紀律，埃米將不得不為自己辯解。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. Self-discipline, willingness, enthusiasm, that's what you must depend on.
- 自律、自愿與熱情，這是你所必須依仗的。
來自柯林斯例句